Serological and Molecular Characterization of Blood Group A2 in Pakistan

Authors

  • Iram Habib District Headquarter Hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan
  • Nuzhat Salamat Armed Forces Institute of Transfussion/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
  • Nasir ud Din Army Medical College/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
  • Muhammad Sajid Yazdani Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
  • Saleem Ahmed Khan National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
  • Muhammad Abdul Naeem Armed Forces Institute of Transfussion/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v73i1.6143

Keywords:

A2 blood group, Anti-A1 lectin, Polymerase chain reaction using sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP), Serology

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of Blood Group A2 genotype among Group A Pakistani whole blood donors.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion (AFIT), Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020.

Methodology: One thousand (1000) healthy and unrelated blood donors were selected. The blood samples were typed for ABO, and those of Blood Groups-A and AB were further subtyped with the help of anti-A1 lectin to categorize them as A1,non-A1, A1B and non-A1B Groups. Next, DNA of non-A1 samples was extracted, and a Polymerase Chain Reaction using sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) for type A2 was performed, followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).

Results: Among one thousand blood donors, 247(24.7%) were typed as Blood Group-A, 94(9.4%) as AB-Group, 339(33.9%) BGroup and 320(32%) O Group with variable strength of reaction with ABO antisera. A and AB Blood Groups were further subgrouped as A1 202(20.2%), A1B 77(7.7%), non-A1 45(4.5%) and non-A1B 17(1.7%). Anti-A1 antibodies were detected in 6(13.3%) of non-A1 samples. PCR of non-A1 samples showed 32(12.9%) to be genotypically A2, and the remaining 13(5.2%) were not A2 and were not further resolved.

Conclusion: Blood Group A2 is not a rare Subgroup in our population. PCR-SSP is a more specific technique than anti-A1 lectin for establishing the Blood Group status of an individual.

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Published

28-02-2023

Issue

Section

Original Articles

How to Cite

1.
Habib I, Salamat N, ud Din N, Yazdani MS, Khan SA, Naeem MA. Serological and Molecular Characterization of Blood Group A2 in Pakistan. Pak Armed Forces Med J [Internet]. 2023 Feb. 28 [cited 2024 Sep. 19];73(1):248-51. Available from: https://www.pafmj.org/PAFMJ/article/view/6143