Clinical Utility of Platelet Indices in Predicting the Severity of Neonatal Sepsis

Ayesha Wahid Mian; Helen Mary Robert; Noman Anjum Rana; Ammara Hafeez; Zunairah Mughal

doi:10.51253/pafmj.v76i5.13034

Authors

Ayesha Wahid Mian Department of Haematology, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Helen Mary Robert Department of Haematology, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Noman Anjum Rana Department of Haematology, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Ammara Hafeez Department of Haematology, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan
Zunairah Mughal Department of Haematology, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v76i5.13034

Keywords:

Complete blood count, Neonates, Neonatal sepsis, Platelets, Sepsis

Abstract

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of platelet indices and other hematological parameters from a complete blood count (CBC) in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Haematology, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, Pakistan from Mar to Sep 2024.

Methodology: In total, 262 neonates were included in the study. Neonates without sepsis were 122 and neonates diagnosed with sepsis, either culture proven or clinically defined were 140. Haematological parameters including CBC values, platelet indices and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were analyzed. Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney tests were used to assess significant differences. Chi-square test was applied to know the correlation for significant variables and ROC curve analysis were used to measure the diagnostic accuracy of the variables showing statistically significant differences in means.

Results: In this study, 262 patients were evaluated, comprising 60.3% males and 39.7% females. Sepsis was diagnosed in 53.4% of the cohort, with culture positivity was seen only in 16%. Abnormalities in haematological parameters included anemia (12.2%), leukopenia (1.5%), leukocytosis (12.2%), thrombocytopenia (17.6%), and thrombocytosis (13%). Neonates with sepsis exhibited significantly higher median values of TLC 13.9 (9.2-19.6), ANC 7.5 (5.0-11.5), AMC 1.5 (1.0-2.5), and CRP 28.0 (11.1-54.4) alongside significantly lower median Plt count 215 (157-372) and lower mean Hb (p=0.001). ROC curve analysis showed elevated CRP, TLC,

Conclusion: this study showed that neonates diagnosed with sepsis showed significantly higher PDW but other platelet indices had no significant differences between septic and non-septic neonates. ..

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