Trends of Congenital Anomalies in Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgery in Pakistan Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v75i2.13046Keywords:
Cerebral Palsy, Clubfoot, Congenital Anomalies, Orthopaedic Surgery, PediatricsAbstract
Objective: To demonstrate the trends regarding the congenital disease burden in the paediatric orthopaedic surgery and explore the importance of enhancing paediatric orthopaedics in Pakistan.
Study Design: Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pakistan Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Jan 2022 to Dec 2024.
Methodology: Paediatric patients with age range of 0-12 years, both genders suffering from a congenital disorder with complete medical record of diagnosis and patient information were included in the study. A total of 840 patients who had a complete medical record were included in the study. After the screening through administration, the patient medical profiles in Health Information Management System were accessed. After comprehensive evaluation and assessing the medical files regarding the patients visiting Orthopaedic Surgery Department, the relevant patients’ data was obtained, and data extraction sheets were made. Frequencies and percentages were calculated regarding the type of congenital anomalies.
Results: In 2022, 204(24.3%) patients with different congenital anomalies reported to the orthopaedic surgery department. 275 (32.7%) of congenital anomalies were seen in 2023 and increased percentage of 361(42.9%) was demonstrated in 2024 with DDH being most common with 100 patients.
Conclusion: Increased number of patients with congenital disorders were seen in the Orthopaedic Surgery Department of PEMH over the last 3 years. Increased frequency of developmental dysplasia of hip being 26.7% and clubfoot being 26.4% were noted, highlighting the need to acknowledge paediatric orthopaedic surgery in Pakistan.
Downloads
References
Hosseinzadeh P, Obey MR, Nielsen E, Andras L, Kiebzak GM, Mignemi M, et al. Orthopaedic Care for Children: Who Provides It? How Has It Changed Over the Past Decade? Analysis of the Database of the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. J Pediatr Orthop 2019; 39(3): e227-e231.
https://doi.org/10.1097/bpo.0000000000001277
Yang S, Zusman N, Lieberman E, Goldstein RY. Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip. Paediatrics 2019; 143(1): e20181147. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-1147
Franzone JM, Shah SA, Wallace MJ, Kruse RW. Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Paediatric Orthopaedic Perspective. Orthop Clin North Am 2019; 50(2): 193-209.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocl.2018.10.003
Kubat O, Vlaic J, Anticevic D. Knee orthopaedic problems in newborns and infancy: a review. Curr Opin Pediatr 2020; 32(1): 113-119. https://doi.org/10.1097/mop.0000000000000859
Tileston K, Baskar D, Frick SL. What is New in Paediatric Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle. J Pediatr Orthop 2022; 42(5): e448-e52. https://doi.org/10.1097/bpo.0000000000002134
Sankar WN, Weiss J, Skaggs DL. Orthopaedic Conditions in the Newborn. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2009; 17(2): 112-22. https://doi.org/10.5435/00124635-200902000-00007
Woodacre T, Ball T, Cox P. Epidemiology of developmental dysplasia of the hip within the UK: refining the risk factors. J Child Orthop 2016; 10(6): 633-642.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11832-016-0798-5
Murtaza K, Saleem Z, Malik S. Talipes equinovarus or Clubfoot: A review of study approaches, management and trends in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36(6): 1414-1420.
https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2514
Muhammad B AA, Kamran M, Saqulain G. Occurrence and pattern of clubfoot deformity in Khyber PakhtunKhua: Hospital based physical rehabilitation center perspective. Rawal Med J 2023; 48(4): 889-892.
Shin YH, Baek GH, Kim YJ, Kim MJ, Kim JK. Epidemiology of congenital upper limb anomalies in Korea: A nationwide population-based study. PLoS One 2021; 16(3): e0248105. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248105
Bibi A, Naqvi SF, Syed A, Zainab S, Sohail K, Malik S. Burden of Congenital and Hereditary Anomalies in Hazara Population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci 2022; 38(5): 1278-1284. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5486
Naqvi SF, Ameena U, Qazi WU, Ahmad S, Iqbal A, Malik S. Burden of congenital and hereditary anomalies and their epidemiological attributes in the paediatric and adult population of Peshawar valley, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci 2024; 40(10): 2181-2189. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.10.9234
Bhatti MS, Malik S. Epidemiological study of congenital and hereditary anomalies in Sialkot District of Pakistan revealed a high incidence of limb and neurological disorders. Asian Biomed 2019; 13(2): 49-60.
http://doi.org/10.1515/abm-2019-0040
Tao Z, Wang J, Li Y, Zhou Y, Yan X, Yang J, et al. Prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Paediatr Open 2023; 7(1): e002080. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002080
Pigeolet M, Naamani D, Khan MA, Alkire BC, Chinoy MA, Corlew DS, et al. Cost-effectiveness of screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in Karachi, Pakistan using a universally applicable cost-effectiveness model. BMJ Public Health 2024; 2(1): e000340.
doi:10.1136/ bmjph-2023-000340
Zimri FUK, Shah SSA, Saaiq M, Qayyum F, Ayaz M. Presentation and Management of Neglected Developmental Dysplasia of Hip (DDH): 8-years' experience with single stage triple procedure at National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci 2018; 34(3): 682-686. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.343.14392
Jaruratanasirikul S, Tangtrakulwanich B, Rachatawiriyakul P, Sriplung H, Limpitikul W, Dissaneevate P, et al. Prevalence of congenital limb defects: Data from birth defects registries in three provinces in Southern Thailand. Congenit Anom 2016; 56(5): 203-208. https://doi.org/10.1111/cga.12154
Mughal M RS, Malik S. Cerebral Palsy in Pakistan: A Review of Study Approaches, Status of Research and Trends. Pak Pediatr J 2022; 47(1): 3-10.
Kleno AN, Stisen MB, Cubel CH, Mechlenburg I, Nordbye-Nielsen K. Prevalence of knee contractures is high in children with cerebral palsy in Denmark. Physiother Theory Pract 2023; 39(1): 200-207. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2021.2007558
Cloodt E, Rosenblad A, Rodby-Bousquet E. Demographic and modifiable factors associated with knee contracture in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2018; 60(4): 391-396. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13659
Makki D, Duodu J, Nixon M. Prevalence and pattern of upper limb involvement in cerebral palsy. J Child Orthop 2014; 8(3): 215-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11832-014-0593-0
Malik BA, Razzaq A, Butt MA, Khan MS, Mughal S. Frequently associated problems of cerebral palsy. Annals Punjab Med Coll 2007; 1(2): 14-8. https://doi.org/10.29054/apmc/2007.638
Sadiq BS KA, Hassan M. Assessing Public Awareness of the Knowledge and Clubfoot about the Importance of the Treatment of Early Childhood. Pak J Med Sci Health Sci 2023; 17(6): 301-304. https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023176301
Siddiqui S, Peters AW, Shoman H, Ashraf NM, Fatima I, Samad L. Closing the gap of children’s surgery in Pakistan. World J Pediat Surg 2019; 2(1): e000027.
http://doi.org/10.1136/wjps-2018-000027
Qazi SH, Meerza SSA, Lakhani S, Dogar SA, Padhani ZA, Mirani M, et al. Common paediatric surgical conditions and associated health-seeking behaviors in Pakistan: An urban and rural comparative assessment. PLOS Glob Public Health 2024; 4(9): e0003327.
Downloads
Published
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Fayyaz Orfi, Hassan Udin Hassan, Hafiz Faiz Ur Rehman, Abdul Manan Khan, Muhammad Yaseen Wajid, Muhammad Umar Tariq
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
