Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Associated Factors in St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (Stemi) and Non-St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (Nstemi) Patients: Impact on Early    In-Hospital Outcomes

Asad  Ali; Noor Ul  Hadi; Abid Ullah Shah; Aimal  Khan; Laiba  Jehanzeb; Adeel Ahmed  Khalil; Muhammad Hashim  Khan

doi:10.51253/pafmj.v76i4.13281

Authors

Asad Ali Department of Cardiology, College of Medical Technology, (BKMC), Mardan, Pakistan
Noor Ul Hadi Department of Cardiology, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan
Abid Ullah Shah Department of Cardiology, College of Medical Technology, (BKMC), Mardan, Pakistan
Aimal Khan Department of Cardiology, College of Medical Technology, (BKMC), Mardan, Pakistan
Laiba Jehanzeb Department of Cardiology, College of Medical Technology, (BKMC), Mardan, Pakistan
Adeel Ahmed Khalil Department of Cardiology, College of Medical Technology, (BKMC), Mardan, Pakistan
Muhammad Hashim Khan Department of Cardiology, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v76i4.13281

Keywords:

Acute Myocardial Infarction, Echocardiography, In-Hospital Outcomes, Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Abstract

Objective: To determine and compare Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) and its associated factors in STEMI and NSTEMI patients and to determine early hospital outcomes in STEMI and NSTEMI patients.

Study Design: Prospective observational study

Place and Duration of Study: Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan, from Sep 2024 to Feb 2025.

Methodology: A total of 178 research participants diagnosed and admitted with AMI (89 STEMI & NSTEMI each) of both genders were included. Data was collected using a predesigned questionnaire after informed consent and echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF%). Conventional risk factors were confirmed from history/investigations, and in-hospital outcomes were considered post-AMI consequences during patients' hospital stay. Data was analyzed using SPSS.

Results: Out of the total 178 patients, 57.30% were male. The mean age was 57.52 + 10.26 years. The mean LVEF (%) among STEMI & NSTEMI patients was 43.77 + 10.75 & 47.49 + 12.15, respectively. Mild and moderate LV systolic dysfunction was common among STEMI, while severe among NSTEMI. Obesity and diabetes were more common among females. Pericardial effusion, MR, and cardiogenic shock were more common among STEMI. Patients with heart failure, MR, cardiac arrest, and death had significantly (p < 0.05) reduced mean LEVF%.

Conclusion: Mean LVEF% was lower among STEMI, and in-hospital outcomes were higher with severely reduced ejection fraction. Transthoracic echocardiography can provide information on short- and long-term outcomes after AMI. Regular Echocardiography is advised, which guides management, improves prognosis, and reduces other complications.

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