Association of Dietary Habits in Esophageal Cancer–A Case-Control Study from Pakistan

Abstract

Objective: To see the association between dietary habits in the development of oesophageal carcinoma.

Study Design: Case control study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Oncology at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi Pakistan,
from Feb 2019 to Dec 2019.

Methodology: Patients from age 15-80 years of either gender were included in the study. All the patients presenting to hospital OPD with histopathologically confirmed of oesophagus carcinoma were included. Controls were the healthy attendants coming at the same hospital. The data was collected through pre-designed questionnaire.

Results: Total of 173 cases and 173 controls were included in the study. The mean age of the cases and controls were reported as 48.07±14.13 years and 48.86±15.32 years. After adjusting odds in multivariate analysis family history of cancer (OR=3.76; 95% CI: 1.76-7.90, p<0.05), the consumption of chicken (OR=5.22; 95% CI: 3.01-9.056, p<0.05), red meat (OR=5.06; 95% CI: 2.70- 9.46, p<0.05) & smoked food (OR=3.36; 95% CI: 1.76-6.44, p<0.05) more than three times per week remained positively associated with oesophagus carcinoma.

Conclusion: The study showed association between consumption of chicken, red meat, hot drinks & smoked food with
oesophageal carcinoma.